Dr.
Ogunlade C. E., Fakeye Saheed A. M.sc.
07068455265
08082764210
INTRODUCTION
} Tourism
is identified as an effective way to revitalize the economy of any destination
} The
continuous and rapid growth of tourism is not in isolation of the stable
economic growth experienced in the global economy.
} Thus,
tourism has become a major source of economic growth, employment, earnings, and
foreign exchange for many countries and considered by developing countries as a
main source of development and growth for local economies
} As
Nigeria not getting its tourism sector right, tourism still serve as an
employer of labour.
} Tourism
has been discovered to be a very important instrument to eradicate poverty and
sustainable development..
} Moreover,
traveling is one of the most ancient and common aspects of human life
} There
are various reasons for travelling such as recreation, business, sport, education,
health, or visiting friends, so everyone is a tourist.
} Thus,
there is no doubt that tourism can make an effective contribution to economic
development but the challenge is to develop the sector sustainably to maximize
is full potentials
} Tourism
thus involves many stake-holder
} All
stake-holder need to derive benefits from tourism to be truly successful.
} In
2006, the Nigerian Government instituted a new set of reforms in the tourism
industry with the aid of the United Nations Development.
} This
led to the creation of the “Nigeria Tourism Master Plan”.
} Shamefully,
Nine years after the master plan had been drawn, the commentary on Nigeria’s
tourism industry will probably be worse.
} Though
there has been a major influx of global hotel brands into Nigeria in the last
eight years, especially in Lagos, the commercial capital of Nigeria
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Nigeria has huge
untapped tourism potentials,
} Why
our tourism potentials are untapped?
} Why
are the communities of these potentials are not aware of is importance?
} Why
are adequate infrastructures not put in place to embellish these potentials?
} Why
can’t government participate in private public partnership in developing
touristic potential as a full blown tourist destination?
} What
will be the economic impact of the development of the potentials in those
communities?
} What
is the likely socio-cultural impact of the development of tourism potentials?
AIM
AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
} Document
reasons for the challenges we have in the industry
The
objectives of the study are to identify the challenges the stakeholder of the
industry is having;
} Our
tourism institutions
} Tourism
graduates and students
} The
host communities
} The
Government
SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
} The
stakeholder that could see to the development of those potentials and how they
can best be sustainable for the Industry
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
} Most
previous works have focused on government and not considering other
stakeholders in concern.
} The
major significance of this study therefore, is to contribute to ongoing work to
the development of tourism industry in Nigeria.
LITERATURE
REVIEW
} Previous
studies on competency literature either focused only on one particular arm in
the industry, HOSPITALITY and not tourism in general, leaving the comparison of
the relevant competences in the industry.
} In
most of the twenty three universities offering Hospitality and Tourism related
courses, there seems to be crisis of identity in terms of which departments
should handle course, while some are found in;
} Forestry
} Zoological,
} Biology
} Geography
} Archaeology
} Home
economics
} Most
annoying family nutrition.
} Unorganized
arrangement is the quality of the program will likely suffer certain degree of
inadequacies
} Most
of the courses introduced to form part of the overall syllabus hardly have
impact in the overall objective of the program and end up with Jack Of All
Trades And Master Of None.
} It
implies that the challenges facing the industry today can only be met by
} educated,
well educated,
} Trained
energetic entrepreneurial workforce who understands the nature of hospitality
and tourism with sound professional training background.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
} Analysis of the population of the study
} Sample design:
Capacity building
} Research instrument: Total number of institutions
offering hospitality and tourism courses
} Validity and reliability the instrument
} Data Analysis Technique position and crisis identity
OUR
TOURISM INSTITUTIONS
} Most
of the institutions in Nigeria do not put appropriate mechanism in place
} The
manpower being supplied by the institutions offering Hospitality and Tourism
program in the country are not totally relevant in the scheme of things with
the industry.
} The
institutions are emplacing basic and craftsmanship, as the backbone of the
profession, base on the curriculum being used for the program
From the table above,
81.9% of the Lecturers are competent in teaching the courses, while the
remaining 28.4% of the educators do not
have relevant qualification in teaching courses. This therefore implies that
most academic staff (lecturers) employed by this 4 year university are not qualified to teach
this courses. This means that the diffusion of leadership competency in 4 year
university program gaining ground in
Nigeria which further makes the teaching and using of uniform program for
related materials easy to administer in the University.
63% of the Lecturers
found different curriculum being used in university system quite challenging
while 47.3% found it very easy with time after training in the relevant
program.
GRADUATES/STUDENT
} Tourism
is highly competitive industry and the graduates/students are not looking for
engaging in it, due to the lack of interest that was not built in school and
knowledge
} It
is cleared that 3 out of 10 truly put in for courses in the industry and very
little developed the interest in the process of the program.
} The
graduates are clouded with doubts about what the future holds for them in the
industry, tourism is a multi-sectored industry which cut across engineering,
architectural, historian, ICT, commerce etc, graduates/students are not looking
into how sectors can be of chance to be self development and employment
HOST COMMUNITY
} Communities
are one the challenges the industry is facing, most of these communities that
has one or more attractions do not read meaning to what they have and the
knowledge to create enabling environment for tourist some preaches fetish and
scary stories in the process propagating for the attraction.
} Tourism
may have many different effects on the social and cultural aspects of life in a
particular region or area, depending on the cultural and religious strengths of
that region.
} The
interaction between tourists and the host community can be one of the factors
that may affect a community as tourists may not be sensitive to local customs,
traditions and standards. The effect can be positive or negative on the host
community
} Local
communities can mix with people from diverse backgrounds with different
lifestyles which through ‘demonstration effect’ may lead to the development of
improved lifestyles and practices from the tourists’ examples;
} There
can be an improvement in local life through better local facilities and
infrastructure which could lead to better education, health care, employment
opportunities and income;
} More
cultural and social events available for local people such as entertainment,
exhibitions etc.
} Improved
sports and leisure facilities created for the tourists which local people may
use, particularly out of the tourist season;
} Conservation
of the local cultural heritage of an area and rebirth of its crafts, architectural
traditions and ancestral heritage;
} Urban
areas which may be in decline can be revived and the movement of people from
rural areas to urban areas for employment may be reversed as jobs will be
available in the tourism industry;
GOVERNMENT
} Tourism
as we know it has become the noblest instrument of this centaury for achieving
understanding but our government not contributing to the development of the
industry because of the heavy flowing oil money and it is difficult for them to
think towards an alternative industry that can eradicate poverty completely in
our country.
} The
oil money makes it difficult for government to explore other sector because of
corruption, lack of wisdom, proper vision and patriotism.
} Nigeria
with lot of ethnic diversities has more than abundant tourism potentials,
endowment and attractions that will promote our economic beyond expectations.
CONCLUSION
} Tourism’s
interconnection of people and their environment means that long-term survival
depends on sustainable tourism developments that foster healthy and vibrant
natural originality and cultural environments.
} Coordinated
action between different arms of this industry allows for more successful
tourism planning, management, marketing, product development, training and
education.
} Partnership
of all the concerns is the core of sustainability of tourism in Nigeria.
} Sustainable
tourism development involves an integrated whole of community approach (not
just the government) for tourism sustainable planning that will make the
industry overcome her challenges.
RECOMMENDATION
The
stakeholders/association should embark on;
} Policy
and Planning
} Predictive
Modeling
} Performance
Monitoring
} Performance
Improvement
} Performance
Reporting.
} Institutions
should embark on unified curriculum that suite the industry and continued training and retraining of
lecturers/Instructors/Technologists to update should be encouraged, and there
should be communication for those in the industry and the universities to
discuss current issues in hospitality training and education that can develop
current and future manager to develop or increase competency skills needed
} Career
development for grandaunts’ should be made to capture self realization within
practical skill as it is been done in developed world where graduates of
Hospitality and Tourism could be Hotels Sales and Marketing Manager, Hotel
Accountant, Accommodation Manager or Room Division Director, Human Resource
Manager.
} More
emphasis should be given to core courses in
Hospitality and tourism need to be clearly identified and properly located
in more relevant departments of Nigerian tertiary institution to permit
professional touch in career development by competent hands.
} Hospitality
and Tourism in Nigeria should emphasis on theoretical aspect of learning but
with more of practical work for students
} The
program needs to have strong operational base with managerial capability
} Destination
communities to see to the beauty and be sanitize on the potentials wasting away
in their environment and what individual can do to promote the potentials that
belongs to them
} Government
should see to tourism development because of the benefits that is involve in
eradicating poverty for the best of the environment
} Government
should stop politicking in tourism key professional post that is given to a
politician.
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